Abstract:
The Test of Nonverbal Intelligence, Second Edition (TONI 2) is a language-free measure of abstract problem-solving ability. It may be used with examinees from 5 through 85 years of age and was designed to be as free as possible of linguistic, motoric, and cultural factors. As such it is ideal for use with people who have been referred for evaluation by schools, clinics, and hospitals, and who may be aphasic, non-English speakers, learning-disabled, deaf, or sufferers from head injury, stroke, or cerebral palsy. The test takes approximately 15 minutes, although it is not timed, and is administered individually or to groups of no more than 5. Test items are presented in an easel-style picture book, and 6 training items precede the 55 actual items on both test forms. The examiner pantomimes instructions and the examinee points or makes some other meaningful motor response to indicate his choice. Problem types are Simple Matching, Analogies, Classification, Intersections, and Progressions. Examiners may be teachers, psychologists, psychological associates, educational diagnosticians, or other professionals with some knowledge of psychometry. Responses are recorded by the examiner on a response sheet, and raw scores are converted to deviation quotients and percentile ranks. The TONI-2 was normed on 2,764 people from 30 states who were chosen randomly with only the profoundly intellectually disabled being excluded from the sample. Split-half reliability using Coefficient Alpha is in the .90s and test-retest reliability ranges from the .50s to the .80s.