Abstract: This paper reviews and analyzes the research in rural education in Australia in recent decades. Research undertaken in other countries is examined where comparisons, differences, or explanations are useful in understanding the Australian context. Following an introduction to the Australian education system and summaries of demographic features of rural areas and schools, key concepts emerging from the literature are discussed. These concepts include rurality, isolation and remoteness, rural education, and distance education. The literature review is structured around four major themes. The theme of schooling covers teachers (recruitment, retention, training for rural areas, and affective factors); students (achievement, dropout rate, and education of minority groups); school-community relationships (community participation, school closing, school size, rural lifestyle, and rural school characteristics); and accommodation of rural students in boarding schools. Theme 2, technology, covers geographic isolation, technological innovation, and distance education. Theme 3, educational delivery, encompasses equal educational opportunity, curriculum, decentralization, service delivery, and educational models. Theme 4 examines distinctions between rural education and education in rural areas. This paper concludes with 23 research questions. Recommended research priorities are rural definition, teacher preparation, curriculum design, community participation, access to services, secondary education for isolated students, and educational provision to facilitate gender and cultural equity. Contains over 200 references. (SV)

Title: Rural Education: The State of the Art. "Think Tank" Introductory Paper.
Author: Clark, Steve
Note: 62p.; In: "Think Tank" on Research into Rural Education. Proceedings of the Conference Held by the Rural Education Research and Development Centre (Townsville, Queensland, Australia, June 10-14, 1990); see RC 020 271.
Publication Year: Jun 1990
Document Type: Review Literature (070); Conference Paper (150)
Target Audience: Practitioners
ERIC Identifier: ED386365
Clearinghouse Identifier: RC020272
This document is available from the ERIC Document Reproduction Service.

Descriptors: * Access to Education; * Delivery Systems; Distance Education; * Educational Research; Elementary Secondary Education; Foreign Countries; Higher Education; * Research Needs; * Rural Education; * Rural Schools; School Community Relationship; State of the Art Reviews; Teacher Education

Identifiers: *Australia